副詞の位置

授業

今日の科学英語IIの授業でちょっと話題になった、副詞の位置について。こんなサイトがあった。
・科学論文に役立つ英語

受け身、助動詞の場合（We have noted、it is seenなど）はbe, haveの後に入る。
　　Urecy et al. have recently pointed out that~.
ただし
　　This fact has recently been pointed out by Urecy et al..
　　This fact has been recently pointed out by Urecy et al..
どちらでもいいらしい。

なかなか具体的な指示である。最後の「どちらでもいいらしい」が本当にその通りだといいが。
このページの内容がどれほど正確かはわからないが、著者は東北大学金属材料研究所の大山先生という方である。

この先生を根拠無しに信じるのも、疑ってかかるのも失礼であるから、ちょっと例文を当たってみた。手元にあるNature誌のいくつかの論文中からhas/have beenと副詞を含む文章を探してみると、、、、、うーん、確かにどちらでも良いようであるが、副詞によって好みの場所があるようにも見える。今後、気をつけて論文を読んでみよう。

例文

  • Adaptive immune responses have also been reported in the jawless vertebrates lamprey and hagfish.
  • Immunological research has always been a dual challenge for scientists and physicians.
  • Dying mammalian cells have also been found to release danger signals of unknown identity.
  • Definitive proof of WGD requires identifying certain distinctive signatures in long-range genome organization, which has previously been impossible to address with the data available.
  • They are suggested to have been laterally transferred.
  • The similarity between the duplicated regions might have been completely lost by extensive sequence alterations and rearrangements.
  • The opossum gene catalogue contains 2,743 (15%) genes that have probably been involved in one or more duplication or gene conversion event.
  • The closest contig on the distal flank was not anchored in the monDom5 assembly, but has been subsequently mapped near UPRT.
  • which had not been successfully identified by cloning in metatherian species.
  • In fact, three large families of ancient paralogous CNEs have recently been discovered that were clearly distributed around the genome as parts of transposable elements.
  • It is clear that innovation in non-coding elements has been substantially more common relative to protein-coding sequences.